How do I configure Web server security?
Securing your Web server involves establishing rules for which users can access
which files and possibly creating multiple Web sites. Because a lack of proper
security can allow both the files and utilities on your system to be accessed
by anyone on the Internet, the need to restrict access to sensitive data is an
important part of maintaining a Web server.
Multiple Web sites
Putting sensitive information on one Web site and less sensitive information on another
can greatly increase security in gateway scenarios where one network interface is considered
private or trusted and another interface is exposed to the Internet.
Using multiple Web sites will not work in all scenarios. If your device only has one network card
then this method will not work at all, in fact. Even for devices with more than
one network card, there are other considerations. In a home gateway scenario,
perhaps you want mom and dad to be able to access WebAdmin but you do not
want the kids to have access.
Protecting Virtual Directories
Most Web servers use multiple virtual directories.
Some virtual directories contain sensitive information that is meant to be
access only by a small group of users. Other virtual directories may contain
information intended for sharing across a broad group. For this reason, each
virtual directory should be managed separately and the appropriate
authentication levels should be set based on the type of information being
shared.
When configuring authentication for a virtual directory, consider the
following information:
- Determine the authentication level required.
Is the information appropriate for anonymous users or should a user name and password be required?
- Choose which authentication protocols are used.
- Choose which users have access to which resources. Assuming a user can provide a
valid user name and password, is their user name included in the user list for the virtual directory?
- Define access rules. Once a user has
access to a resource, what operations may they perform?